Key Issues Ahead of Xi-Trump Meeting in South Korea

As US President Donald Trump prepares to meet Chinese leader Xi Jinping in South Korea, the stakes are high for both nations. This meeting marks their first face-to-face interaction since 2019, and both leaders have different diplomatic styles that could shape the outcome of their discussions. With trade tensions and geopolitical issues at the forefront, understanding the dynamics at play is crucial.

Diplomatic Styles: A Contrast

The contrasting approaches of Trump and Xi are expected to influence the tone and substance of their discussions. Trump, known for his personal and improvisational style, has been vocal about his hopes for a significant trade agreement. In contrast, Xi, a seasoned Communist Party bureaucrat, tends to focus on long-term strategic goals rather than immediate deals. Ryan Hass, a senior fellow at the Brookings Institution, notes that neither leader benefits from an unsuccessful meeting, emphasizing the importance of rebuilding their personal rapport to stabilize US-China relations.

Current State of US-China Relations

Since their last meeting, relations between the two countries have deteriorated significantly. Issues such as trade imbalances, technology competition, and Taiwan have created deep rifts. Trump has expressed optimism about the upcoming meeting, but experts like Daniel Kritenbrink, a former top US diplomat for East Asia, suggest that the primary goal will be to stabilize the relationship rather than achieve groundbreaking agreements.

Shao Yuqun, a senior research fellow at the Shanghai Institutes for International Studies, echoes this sentiment, indicating that the meeting is unlikely to yield substantial progress due to ongoing structural problems in the bilateral relationship. Even if the leaders appear amicable, the potential for further deterioration remains high.

Key Issues on the Agenda

Several critical topics are expected to dominate the discussions between Trump and Xi:

1. **Trade and Economic Cooperation**: Trump aims to encourage China to resume purchases of US agricultural products, particularly soybeans, which have been halted. Additionally, securing access to Chinese rare earth minerals is a priority for the US, as these materials are vital for technology and military applications.

2. **Tariffs and Export Controls**: Attention will be on potential reductions in tariffs on fentanyl-related products and the easing of restrictions on high-end semiconductor exports. The future of TikTok, including its potential transfer to US ownership, may also be discussed.

3. **Taiwan**: The issue of Taiwan remains a significant concern, with Wu Xinbo from Fudan University’s Institute of International Studies highlighting it as a potential flashpoint for conflict. Trump has indicated that Taiwan may be a topic of conversation, which could complicate the meeting’s outcomes.

Meeting Format and Expectations

Details regarding the format of the meeting are still unclear. Trump is known for his spontaneous engagement with the media, while Xi prefers formal, scripted interactions. The last joint press conference between the two leaders occurred in 2017, and it remains uncertain whether they will engage in similar public interactions this time.

The delegations accompanying the leaders have also changed significantly since 2019. China’s chief negotiator from the previous meeting, Liu He, has retired, while Trump’s team has undergone a substantial overhaul. Notably, Secretary of State Marco Rubio, a vocal critic of China, is expected to be present, which could influence the discussions.

FAQs

What are the main goals of the Xi-Trump meeting?

The primary goals include stabilizing US-China relations, addressing trade issues, and discussing key geopolitical concerns such as Taiwan.

How have US-China relations changed since 2019?

Relations have worsened, marked by increased tensions over trade, technology, and military issues, particularly concerning Taiwan.

What diplomatic styles do Trump and Xi bring to the meeting?

Trump is known for his personal and improvisational approach, while Xi prefers a more formal and strategic style, focusing on long-term goals.

Conclusion

The upcoming meeting between Xi Jinping and Donald Trump is set against a backdrop of strained relations and pressing global issues. While both leaders express a desire for cooperation, the differing diplomatic styles and complex challenges may hinder substantial progress. Observers will be keenly watching for any signs of improvement in their relationship and the potential implications for international stability.

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